                        Changes in version 2.3.1                        

    o   Expansion of wolfCOPtest_check.Rd with two more figures with further checks using
	  Halton sequences supported by new script inst/make_wolfCOPtest/halton_pitest.R.

                 Changes in version 2.2.17 (2026-10-05)                 

    o   Fixed legend plotting error in inst/make_wolfCOPtest/chck_wolfCOPtestCIRC.R and
	  changed some line thicknesses and one line color in the plotting by that script
	  after seeing the wolfCOPtest_check.Rd figure 3 after CRAN rendering in 2.2.16.

    o   Editorial adjustment wolfCOPtest_check.Rd then followed by inflation of the study
	  therein and addition of a fourth figure via .../chck_wolfCOPtestCIRC.R

    o   Math delimiter adjustment in PLACKETTcop.Rd for better appearance.

    o   Edits to RAYcop.Rd and changing a stated limiting parameter to M() to source code.
	  Study of 10.21307/stattrans-2021-029 with bibliographic entry in RAYcop.Rd
	  could use some consideration.

    o   Minor edits to rhoCOP.Rd.

    o   Addition to copBasic-package.Rd describing case of "could not find function 'cop'".

    o   Minor argument extension to wolfCOPtest.[R|Rd] for add.cor.tests, maxrnd, statnm.

    o   Added wolfCOPtest_drawsim.[R|Rd].

    o   Added grDevices imports for dev.off, pdf; graphics imports for polygon.

                 Changes in version 2.2.16 (2026-08-31)                 

    o   Absolute value symbol scale up in hoefCOP.Rd and LzCOPpermsym.Rd and added doi
	   number to an article in hoefCOP.Rd.

    o   Tinkering with math notation improvements in derCOPinv.Rd, EuvCOP.Rd, EvuCOP.Rd,
	   FGMcop.Rd (and a doi number added), footCOP.Rd, GLcop.Rd, hoefCOP.Rd (and a doi
	   number added), and LzCOPpermsym.Rd.

    o   giniCOP.Rd tinkering with math notation improvements, minor edits, and added a
	   comparison of Gini gamma sampling variation to that of Schweizer-Wolff Sigma.

    o   Minor edits to joint.curvesCOP[2].Rd.

    o   Minor edits to wolfCOPtest.Rd.

    o   Math edits in wolfCOP.Rd.

    o   Added wolfCOPtest_check.Rd as additional documentation of veracity of wolfCOPtest
	   and this meant some additional scripting in inst/make_wolfCOPtest/ and some
	   .gitignore changes to the repository.

    o   Argument para variations passing to CIRCcop.R needed special trapping for para=NA.

    o   MOcop.Rd references edit of a url to code declaration because URL appears dead.

                 Changes in version 2.2.15 (2026-07-22)                 

    o   Added LMR[uv|vu]COP() as conditional L-moment computation engines as an analog to
	   E[uv|vu]COP that is strictly for the simple conditional mean.

    o   Increased subdivisions to 200 in E[uv|vu]COP as these will be the defaults in
	   LMR[uv|vu]COP().

    o   Added LMR[uv|vu]COP() to copBasic-package.Rd.

    o   Edits to wolfCOPtest_data_smlsam.Rd.

    o   Added TRIcop() and table extension copBasic-package.Rd and NAMESPACE.

    o   Edits to wolfCOPtest.Rd and Examples extension to copula::indepTest() comparison.

    o   Extension of wolfCOPtest() for a censored data matrix, which brings this function
	   to a more general operational state for some unusual byt practical circumstances.

                 Changes in version 2.2.14 (2026-05-22)                 

    o   Changed html figure options to nonunited pixels as per CRAN submit 2.2.13.

                       Changes in version 2.2.13                        

    o   Changed html figure options to pixels as per attempt to CRAN submit 2.2.12.

                       Changes in version 2.2.12                        

    o   Added to footCOP.Rd a recent citation (Beliakov et al., 2022) to Spearman Footrule.

    o   Added to wolfCOP.Rd a recent citation to Schweizer-Wolff Sigma in wolfCOP.Rd and
	   expanded Examples section therein to include a Ubeda-Flores (2022) example.

    o   Minor extensions and edits to wolfCOP.Rd.

    o   Added wolfCOPsamc() as a Monte Carlo integration version and subsetting to
	   achieve much faster computation times as the sample size scales up, which gives
	   the original 2015 wolfCOP(as.sample=TRUE) implementation with poor CPU time.

    o   Added wolfCOPtest() as a hypothesis testing against the Independence copula with
	   no known analogs in the literature. Inclusion of a new directory to repository
	   inst/make_wolfCOPtest/ that contains the build algorithms and output from large
	   simulations conducted therein using the Independence copula.

    o   Added data object wolfCOPtest_data_smlsam that contains empirical distributions
	   of Schweizer-Wolff Sigma for sample sizes of 3-40 for better implementation of
	   the wolfCOPtest() across small to large samples.

    o   Edits to copBasic-package.Rd to accommodate expansion of Schweizer-Wolff Sigma.

    o   Spelling corrections to this NEWS file.

    o   Spelling check sweep across the .Rd files.

    o   Added gridonly argument to EMPIRgrid() with default to false.

    o   Added some more text to EMPIRcop.Rd with a numerical comparison to copula::C.n().

    o   Added EMPIRgrid_fast() with cross link to EMPIRgrid(). EMPIRgrid_fast() uses a
	    fasting faster algorithm that was published in the literature in 2024.

    o   Added EMPIRgrid_lkup(), bilinear interpolated lookup of gridded empirical copula.

    o   Adjusted EMPIRgrid() to silently flip para or para$para to data.frame before the
	    call to EMPIRcop(). === I need to have a future look at matrix and data.frame
	    handling nuances in all the EMPIR* family ===

    o   Enhanced trapping of bad argument combinations in ORDSUMcop.R and ORDSUWcop.R.

    o   Migration from Sobol to Halton sequences in bilmoms() because scrambling in
	    randtoolbox::sobol() has been disabled and I forgot about the use in bilmoms().

                 Changes in version 2.2.11 (2025-11-03)                 

    o   Extra table ending \cr is now NOTEd in r-devel-linux-x86_64*, so removed the \cr.

                       Changes in version 2.2.10                        

    o   Added JOMAcop for the Joe-Ma (2000) copula shown in Joe (2014) with changes to the
	   parameterization to work with the package and JOMAcop.R internals reflect some
	   asymmetrical numerical limiting behavior of the Gamma distribution.

    o   Removed man/LCOMDIA_GHcop.Rd because it was inadvertently included in 2.2.9 when
	   by that point the content in LCOMDIA_GHcop.Rd had been split between
	   LCOMDIA_GH2cop.Rd and LCOMDIA_GH3cop.Rd.

                 Changes in version 2.2.9 (2025-09-29)                  

    o   Added example of Kendall function span by permutation asymmetry inserted to M and W
	   copulas through sweep of breves for breveCOP to be a demonstration of the Kendall
	   function is a distribution unto itself with its own nonexceedance probabilities.
	   Minor insertions to breveCOP.Rd and kfuncCOP.Rd made to announce this example.

    o   Correction to a doi{} macro in a citation and two missing subscripts in RAYcop.Rd.

    o   Grammar correction to FRcop.Rd, kfuncCOP.Rd, and LzCOPpermsym.Rd (unrelated edits).

    o   Modest extensions to footCOP.Rd.

    o   Added Marshall-Olkin copula (MOcop.[R|Rd]) because of user discussion about what
	   the Footrule might measure in a nonfunctional way compared to Spearman Rho.

    o   Minor extensions to spectralmeas.Rd, the documentation read as somewhat incomplete.

    o   Minor edits and en-dash encoding changes in copBasic-package.Rd to have proper
	   typography for the "tables" therein.

    o   Minor edits to taildepCOP.Rd and P.Rd (with tidy-up of a L-comoment demo therein).

    o   Added argument stop.on.error to throw to integrate().

    o   Reworking of some extended Examples in GHcop.Rd.

    o   Minor edits to isCOP.permsym.Rd following some extensions to isCOP.radsym.Rd

    o   Minor mathematical delimited size adjustment in composite[1-3]COP.Rd, glueCOP.Rd,
	   and breveCOP.Rd and some minor edits.

    o   Math notation fix, italics added for unit circle, color changes, and spelling
	   correction in CIRCcop.Rd.

    o   Added N4220cop.[R|Rd] (containing rN4220cop) and rN4220cop.Rd copula + NAMESPACE

    o   Added [r]N4220cop and ORDSUWcop to copBasic-package.Rd as well as a mention
	   L-comoment ratio diagrams.

    o   Vectorization improvement in M.R, PSP.R, and W.R.

    o   Added argument support in lcomCOP.R for all of those for integrate().

    o   Example extensions in ORDSUMcop.Rd and minor tidy up to examples in ORSUWcop.Rd.

    o   EMPIRcop.Rd phrasing extension to a fast Bernstein copula and citation added
	   therein. Expect to upgrade support for this in some future release.

    o   L-comoment diagram expansion in Examples of glueCOP.Rd.

    o   Clean up of some of the outdated examples in favor of alternatives for GHcop.Rd.

    o   Added L-comoment ratio diagram for several families including gEVcop(), GHcop(),
	   GLcop(), and HRcop() and a simulation comparison in the Examples of gEVcop.Rd.

    o   Added NORMcop() and Tcop() for the Gaussian and t-Student copulas, which then
	   caused the Imports of the mvtnorm package and changes to DESCRIPTION.

    o   Tune up of large parameter behavior in simulation for JOcopB5.R and .Rd edits.

    o   Created LCOMDIA_ManyCops.Rd and LCOMDIA_GH[23]cop.Rd as holding grounds for many
	   large L-comoment ratio diagram construction examples.

    o   Enhanced GHcop() for 2-parameter with Infinity checks to locally snap it M().
	   Added derivative end point checks to the 3-parameter version to assess whether
	   snapping to MOcop() itself is required. Extensive study of L-comoments of both
	   the 2- and 3-parameter versions.

    o   Added kfuncCOP_Pd() for the Kendall function for d-Dimensional independence.

    o   Added an L-comoment ratio diagram example within FGMcop.Rd for the FGM copula.

    o   Added a sentence and citation within HRcop.Rd, that it and GHcop and GLcop are
	   very similar and extremely large sample sizes are needed to distinguish between
	   them as a class of extreme-value copula.

    o   Added HAIRPINcop because it can make pretty graphics (refer to Examples).

                 Changes in version 2.2.8 (2025-06-27)                  

    o   Added list(...) work in level.curvesCOP[2].R, handling lwd from ... if ramp=TRUE
	   and ability to override the built-in ramp by the lwd being passed as a function.

    o   Minor grammar/spacing/math markup changes in FRcop.Rd, GLcop.Rd, and HRcop.Rd.

    o   Corrections to a dontrun example in FGMcop.Rd.

    o   Expansion of details sections in LzCOPpermsym.Rd.

    o   Added package ____ (application of) indexing for FGMcop.Rd, GHcop.Rd, kullCOP.Rd,
	    and LzCOPpermsym.Rd for other packages but not dependencies are demonstrated.

    o   Edits to hoefCOP.Rd.

                 Changes in version 2.2.7 (2025-01-25)                  

    o   Added Frank copula after a few years of trying off and on to determine numerical
	   end points establishing apparent parameter range suitable for copBasic structure
	   and support for Spearman Rho and Kendall Tau. Added example from Joe (2014) using
	   the Frank in the context of a C-vine 3-dimensional copula using also the Gumbel.
	   Results show Frank is implemented properly as well as the example of a C-vine.

    o   Added additional remarks on the Khoudarji's Devices, which is just the compositing
	   of two copula by composite2COP() or with independence in composite1COP().

    o   Minor edits to copBasic-package.Rd.

    o   Fixed math notation in JOcopB5.Rd.

    o   Added keywords "copula (rotation)" and "Theory Examples (reflection/rotation)" to
	   applicable *.Rd files.

    o   Minor edits in aicCOP.Rd, AMHcop.Rd, asCOP.Rd, copBasic-package.Rd, COP.Rd,
	   densityCOP.Rd, densityCOPplot.Rd, jointCOP.Rd, rhoCOP.Rd, tEVcop.Rd, and
	   wolfCOP.Rd (confusion fix in one of the Examples).

    o   Minor bug fix to kfuncCOP.R where as.sample="Charpentier" was using an undefined
	   variable and minor edits to kfuncCOP.Rd.

    o   Modified a warning message in each of ORDSUMcop.R and ORDSUWcop.R.

    o   Bug fix in Examples for ORDSUWcop.Rd.

    o   Grammatical change in PLACKETTsim.Rd.

    o   Added switch to M() for large theta in RAYcop().

                 Changes in version 2.2.6 (2024-10-08)                  

    o   Added Authors@R field to DESCRIPTION as per CRAN requirements.

                        Changes in version 2.2.5                        

    o   Fixed an error in discussion of the beta range in breveCOP.Rd and minor grammar.

    o   Fixed error in math notation for sample Spearman Footrule in footCOP.Rd.

    o   Expanded the Note sections in footCOP() and giniCOP() with more sampling theory on
	   the two statistics along with adding DOI numbers to two references in each.

    o   Minor bug fix in giniCOP(as.sample=TRUE) for division by an integer and not real
	   part of the divisor for the sample estimator as per Genest et al. (2010).

                 Changes in version 2.2.4 (2024-03-08)                  

    o   Added Rayleigh copula as RAYcop().

    o   Minor mathematical edits in numerous Rd files; left and right () and [] enlargement

    o   Minor grammar edits in numerous Rd files.

    o   Error in breveCOP.Rd related to recipes for transforms of breve for optimizations.

    o   Added in simCOP.R additional "ditches" to the "dots" to avoid plot() complaining on
	   breve argument used by breveCOP().

                 Changes in version 2.2.3 (2024-01-09)                  

    o   Added additional comments to AMHcop.R, math extensions in AMHcop.Rd, and
	   adjustments to Examples therein.

    o   Added ordinal sums of W as W_N5p12a() following reproduction of
	    Nelsen (2006, exer. 5.12a, p. 172, fig. 5.3a).

    o   Added shuffles of M as M_N5p12b() following reproduction of
	    Nelsen (2006, exer. 5.12b, p. 173, fig. 5.3b).

    o   Added general M-ordinal sums as ORDSUMcop() (Nelsen, 2006, pp. 63-64).

    o   Added general W-ordinal sums as ORDSUWcop() (Klement and others, 2017, p. 138).

    o   Updated copBasic-package.Rd with ORDSUMcop() entry into a table.

    o   Formatting edits in composite1COP.Rd and isCOP.permsym.Rd.

    o   Added silent=TRUE default to diagCOPatf(), COPinv(), and COPinv2(). The cascade of
	    NAs had become too much of a burden in an otherwise generally working
	    algorithm. So, original design ideas from 2008 were changed to silence
	    inversion failures.

    o   Added the copula of a circular uniform distribution copula as CIRCcop().

    o   Added silent=TRUE argument to level.curvesCOP() and level.curvesCOP2() as part of
	    silencing try() operations. Also, found nonparallelism between level.curvesCOP()
	    and level.curvesCOP2() with the later not having the try() operations. It is
	    left in the comments that it is unknown that the try() operation is still
	    needed or some deep legacy issue was involved when the EMPIRcop()-operations
	    interacted with the level.curvesCOP2().

    o   Added bicoploc() as an experimental line-of-organic correlation using inversion
	    of a copula. This function is subject to overhaul or even removal but is
	    tendered to help a research question by a user.

    o   Updates to NAMESPACE to include graphic operations needed within bicoploc()
	    diagnostic plots and those functions needed from the lmomco R package.

    o   Added a trap in COP() for coupla returned values being > 1 or < 0 to set to the
	    closed interval because in unrelated testing a greater than 1 at the
	    12th decimal was encountered. Instead of trapping in an application felt best
	    to trap in COP(). ** Perhaps other traps might be useful in other functions? **

    o   Added argument resamv01 to rCOP() and simCOP() to resample for simulated v == 0 or
	    v == 1. The default is false; this new feature maintains the long standing
	    behavior of these simulators. An example demonstrating such is added. Added
	    argument showresamv01 to display a message of how many of the resampling are
	    being done. There is structural protection from infinite looping as well added.

    o   Added EvuCOP() and EuvCOP() solving for the expectation of V (U) given U (V),
	    respectively with extensive examples and comparison to median regression.
	    In general practice, EvuCOP(), which solves E[V | U=u], is expected the more
	    common needed.

    o   Added EvuCOP() and EuvCOP() to the copBasic-package.Rd.

    o   Trapped NaN in a square root of a negative number by truncation errors at the
	    end of the PLACKETTcop().

    o   Added another simulation example for RFcop.Rd with reflection; revised example
	    in W.Rd.

    o   Edits to sectionCOP() to prepend the U or V as appropriate to the xlab.

    o   Edits in Rds to systematically use latex character "\mid" for "given" made.

    o   Edits to convert "Note that" to "Note," for tightness and consistency.

    o   Added reporting of attainable Kendall Tau or Spearman Rho values in parameter
	    exceedance warnings within AMHcop().

    o   Added integrate() control arguments subdivisions, rel.tol, and abs.tol to
	    kfuncCOP(), kmeasCOP(), and kfuncCOPinv(). Experiments with secondary return
	    period by Kendall Distribution function suggest for some deep-tail estimation
	    that additional control of integrate() calls is needed. The defaults are set
	    to match those of integrate().

    o   Expanded examples and some documentation in kfuncCOPlmoms().

                 Changes in version 2.2.2 (2023-10-17)                  

    o   Added LzCOPpermsym() as "by far the most interesting" measure of permutation
	     asymmetry or exchangeability of u,v versus v,u. Features are implemented to
	     assist in using LzCOPpermsym() for parameter optimization. This measure is
	     named "Permutation-Mu" within the package.

    o   Fixed mathematical notation for L_infty^permsym in hoefCOP() as LzCOPpermsym()
	     became better understood from one of its references relative to others.

    o   Added to aicCOP(), bicCOP, and rmseCOP() ability for first argument to be a matrix
	     of the U and V. This is similar to handling in many other copBasic functions.

    o   Revised statTn() to have same u,v argument handling as aicCOP(), bicCOP, and
	     rmseCOP(). Variable naming fix in one of the Examples in statTn.Rd.

    o   Documentation adjustments in asCOP.Rd.

    o   Documentation adjustments in breveCOP.Rd.

    o   Documentation adjustments in hoefCOP.Rd.

    o   Documentation adjustments in isCOP.radsym.

    o   Documentation adjustments in copBasic-package.Rd.

                        Changes in version 2.2.1                        

    o   Extension of breveCOP() to have a breve argument that trumps any inside a para list
	     with subordinate extension that a breve inside para trumps beta. This has an
	     effect of working more flexibility with composite2COP() and composite3COP().

                 Changes in version 2.2.0 (2023-06-19)                  

    o   Minor grammar fixes in copBasic-package.Rd.

    o   Minor grammar fixes in taildepCOP.Rd and commenting out a print() in taildepCOP.R

    o   Cross reference to taildepCOP.Rd made within blomCOPss.Rd.

    o   Changes to COP.R with names(para) <- NULL on the returned copula value inheriting
	     the names of the parameter and added a reflect <- as.character(reflect) to
	     silently permit numerical values (as.integers) for match.arg() and expansion
	     of the Examples in COP.Rd. Some other adjustments in the handling of the para
	     when it is a list stemming from checks with composite2COP() in the bilmoms()
	     and kullCOP() functions. Added example showing the use of the reflection via
	     parameter list to the long-standing version of using specific copula
	     redefinition options.

    o   Changed bilmoms.R and kullCOP.R by adding a scrambling argument for the Sobol
	     sequences because randtoolbox::sobol() has disabled the scrambling for which
	     copBasic was using scrambling=3 (since version 2.0.2). The default for
	     copBasic is scrambling=0, which is the default for randtoolbox::sobol().
	     Testing of new operations then required some updates to the Examples in both
	     and then some iterative improvement in COP() as it handles para being a
	     parameter list.

    o   Changed doc/CITATION to use bibentry() as now required by the CRAN.

    o   For axes labels involving standard normal scores or variates, a standardization on
	     the phrase "STANDARD NORMAL VARIATE OF [U|V]" has been made in
	     densityCOPplot.R, EMPIRsim.R, joint.curvesCOP2.Rd, and simCOP.R.

    o   For densityCOPplot.R, added snv=TRUE argument with adjustment in how origins=TRUE
	     triggers only the origins iff the axes are snv.

    o   Tidy up of copBasic/srcall.R for auto directory change using
	     rstudioapi::getSourceEditorContext()$path. This function is not part of
	     "built" copBasic but only for the developer's use in testing.

    o   Extensive grammar editing of all the .Rd files from proofreading the user manual
	     and searches and replacings of various terms to build more consistency.

    o   Variable renamed from T to TT in diagCOP.R, isCOP.LTD, isCOP.RTI.R, isCOP.permsym.R,
	     isCOP.radsym.R, N4212cop.R, PLACKETTcop.R, PLACKETTsim.R, sectionCOP.R,
	     so to avoid visual conflict with how syntax markup appears. Such a situation
	     does not appear to extend to the letter F.

    o   simCOP.R received an as.integer(n) internally to ensure n is an integer to avoid
	     warning looking like "user requested n=50.5 simulations" from derCOPinv().

    o   Added breveCOP.R/Rd for adding permutation asymmetry to a coupla and this required
	     updates to copBasic-package.Rd, minor indexing changes, and cross-linking
	     with the other "compositing" coupla (glue, convex, and composite).

    o   Added s argument to mleCOP() with the overhaul too of the verbose and messaging
	     one can see by simulation the current iteration of the optimizing in U,V
	     plotting. This is mostly for teaching purposes but might be useful to many.

    o   Added an example in mleCOP.Rd concerning a test using the breveCOP() that has
	     been added for this version of the package. Demonstration then made of
	     estimation for a simple asymmetric addition to a copula (Plackett chosen).

    o   DESCRIPTION has "asymmetry extension" added to it to hint at breveCOP().

                 Changes in version 2.1.9 (2022-08-30)                  

    o   Incorrect use of \overline in blomCOPss.Rd found during 2.1.8 CRAN submission.

                        Changes in version 2.1.8                        

    o   Converted the Changelog to this NEWS with reformatting and removed ChangeLog.

    o   Added blomatrixCOP() function and made comparisons as part of that development
	     to Joe's sample estimator for blomCOP() to the various empirical copula forms
	     that have been added (see 2.1.8:3).

    o   Added to blomCOP.Rd comparison of Joe's sample estimator to the various
	     empirical copula supported by the package. Extended blomCOP() to support the
	     empirical copula and did some mathematical edits to the equations shown.

    o   Added Blomqvist (Schmid-Schmidt) betas of a copula in blomCOPss().

    o   Modified the plotting by taildepCOP() to ensure symmetrical x-axis limits.

    o   Extended sample estimation section in Note in taildepCOP.Rd to include use of
	     blomCOPss() and show general reliability.

    o   From CRAN "check summary", the macros \acute, and \grave, \hat and \overline with
	     "new" HTML help building need to be closed with {}. Before, one could write
	     \hat\mathbf{C} and get a hat accent not top of a boldface C, but now the
	     implicit {} are no longer acceptable to KaTeX instead of LaTeX involved in
	     the HTML building. The check error looks like this:
	     Unexpected end of input in a macro argument, expected '}' in \hat\mathbf{C}

    o   Changes to COP.Rd, copBasic-package.Rd, duCOP.Rd, hoefCOP.Rd, isCOP.radsym.Rd,
	     prod2COP.Rd, rhoCOP.Rd, simCOPmicro.Rd, surfuncCOP.Rd, tailordCOP.Rd
	     https://blog.r-project.org/2022/04/08/enhancements-to-html-documentation/

                 Changes in version 2.1.7 (2021-11-14)                  

    o   Minor edits to lcomCOP.Rd and expanded the Examples demonstrating parameter
	     estimation for a composite1COP of the Plackett copula.

    o   Added cross-reference link to lcomCOP to lcomCOPpv.Rd.

    o   Spelling corrections to copBasic-package.Rd and minor augmentations to tables.

    o   Minor typesetting edits to jointCOP.Rd.

    o   Minor corrections to bilmoms.Rd.

    o   Errors in Examples of glueCOP.Rd relative to implementation corrected.

    o   Additions/consistency of cross-linking within the composite*COP.Rd, convex*.Rd,
	     and glueCOP.Rd files.

    o   Corrected minor error on the Raftery copula example in COP.Rd.

    o   GHcop.Rd, renamed minus.semicor to botleft.semicor and plus.semicor to
	     topright.semicor in preparation for the extension to the other corners in
	     the semicorCOP().

    o   Added bottom right and top left corners for the semi-correlations in function
	     semicorCOP(). This required renaming minus.semicor to botleft.semicor and
	     plus.semicor to topright.semicor. The new corners are botright.semicor and
	     topleft.semicor. *** There is no backwards compatibility retained to the
	     original minus.semicor and plus.semicor names for the returned values. ***
	     Overhauled the semicorCOP.Rd and added a four corner example of reflection
	     and rotation of the Raftery copula, which ties into the similar example
	     of the Raftery in COP.Rd Examples section.

    o   Added Zhang and Singh (2019) citation to derCOPinv.Rd as part of replicating
	     their example 3.23 for the Clayton copula.

    o   Minor edits to prod2COP.Rd, stabtaildepf.Rd, taildepCOP.Rd, and tailordCOP.Rd.

    o   Added cross-links to PLcop in PLACKETTpar and PLpar in PLACKETTcop.

                 Changes in version 2.1.6 (2021-09-02)                  

    o   Minor Rd fixes as R 4.1.+ series emerges and check --as-cran reports new things.
	     This mostly added up to the \doi{} call instead of \url{} when a DOI is used.

    o   Added a seed argument in simCOP, rCOP, and simCOPmicro to pass to set.seed().

    o   Updated the minimum R version through inspection of other dependencies. This
	     update is likely not that critical but does bring consistency.

                 Changes in version 2.1.5 (2020-03-23)                  

    o   Extended RFcop() with fit argument to toggle between Spearman Rho or Kendall Tau.

    o   Extended COP.Rd with a example of taking a copula, such as the RFcop, that only
	     has positive association and reflecting it three different times to form
	     alternative association structures, including negative association, that its
	     formula can not natively attain.

    o   Audit of AMHcop.Rd found documentation problems in the formula for Spearman's Rho.
	     Modified it and AMHcop() to show and respectively use the infinite series of
	     Machler (2014). Added the support for rho argument along with a fit argument
	     like RFcop() (see 2.1.5:1). Examples in AMHcop.Rd changed.

    o   Audit pass of much of the documentation.

    o   Changed a few Examples to dontruns because of the maturity of the package. The
	     --timings of the R CMD check were consulted. Should be a savings of less than
	     one second overall, but trying to help the CRAN.

    o   gEVcop.Rd received a minor fix in the Examples.

    o   Advancement: EMPIRgrid() was not passing ... to EMPIRcop().

    o   Extended EMPIRgridderinv() and EMPIRgridderinv2() to accept a precomputed gridded
	     derivative in the dergrid argument.

    o   Extended EMPIRgridder() and EMPIRgridder2() to throw a warning about NaN along
	     a row or column
	       warning("found nonfinite values on row|column=",i," in grid derivative")
	     The author has encountered one data set that produces NaN on two rows and
	     trying to understand how and why this is happening.

    o   Extended the EMPIRcop() with a checker-board empirical copula, which is a type
	     of light smooth and adapted from the copula package.

    o   Added a trap in EMPIRgridderinv() and EMPIRgridderinv2() if Kumaraswamy is set and
	     the Kumaraswamy fit fails, the original approx() to the inversion is
	     set for the failure and a warning() triggered as to which index was involved.

    o   BUG FIX: An example within EMPIRsim.Rd need fixing and other minor cleanup.

    o   Minor spelling checks during Rd auditing for margin protrusion on Rd2pdf.

                 Changes in version 2.1.4 (2019-07-02)                  

    o   Fixups in FGMcop.Rd (bad URL), HRcop.Rd (no encoding switch in the concept and
	     keyword, lcomCOP.Rd (bad URL), rhobevCOP.Rd (no commas in indexing or
	     concepts) for release to CRAN.

                        Changes in version 2.1.3                        

    o   Added documentation in lcomCOP() stating that Chine and Benatia (2017) describe
	     trimmed L-comoments as the multivariate extensions of the univariate
	     trimmed L-moments. Unknown as to whether an extension jump should be made.

    o   Added iterated Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern copula as FGMrcop(), which is not any more
	     useful than the existing generalization, but Chine and Benatia (2017) concern
	     themselves with the iterated FGM.

    o   Documentation audit again with tiny changes to many Rds.

    o   Added glueCOP() as another means of constructing other copulas.

    o   BUG FIX: EMPIRqua.regress() and EMPIRqua.regress2() with lowess=TRUE could return
	     probabilities outside of [0,1]. Truncation to zero and unity is now made.

    o   Warning Fix: EMPIRgridderinv()/EMPIRgridderinv2() in their calls to approx() could
	     trigger warnings about ties and deletion of them. We know therein that the
	     x values are ordered, so a switch was made to use ties="ordered" in approx().
	     Also, "F" was being used as the nonexceedance probability but R syntax
	     highlighting treats as FALSE, so switch made to FF. By association, the
	     EMPIRqua.regress()/EMPIRqua.regress2() also need the ties="ordered" in their
	     use of the approx() on the inversion of the gridded derivative of the empirical
	     copula.

    o   Added an as.list() check to the empirical grid argument in both pairs of
	     EMPIRgridder()/EMPIRgridder2() and EMPIRgridderinv()/EMPIRgridderinv2().

    o   BUG FIX: Through an audit of EMPIRcop.Rd examples, which then found that the
	     Bernstein argument to pass through lower-level dispatch to level.curvesCOP()
	     did not work. The ability for the para argument in EMPIRcop() now properly
	     supports the ability to trigger ctype and the bernstein arguments through
	     list embedment.

    o   COP.Rd, diagCOPatf.Rd, and med.regressCOP.Rd examples edited to avoid using F with
	     change to FF as a variable for nonexceedance probability (see no. 6).

                 Changes in version 2.1.2 (2019-01-08)                  

    o   Added m=NA argument to aicCOP() and bicCOP() to pass the number of parameters
	     of the copula. Trivial to compute the number from standard copulas,
	     the problem is how to handle and count on the fly the number of parameters
	     for the various the compositing types.

    o   Added warning of missing alpha or beta parameters in composite1COP and
	     composite2COP. Small speed it, but debugging when these are not given
	     (forgotten) becomes complicated. (See #3 and #4)

    o   Added warning of missing kappa or gamma parameters in composite3COP.
	     (See #2 and #4)

    o   Added warning of missing alpha in convex2COP() (See #2 and #3)

    o   Enhancement: Added additional indexing for GHcop, GLcop, and HRcop as EV cops.

    o   Added tEVcop() with implementation based on the Pickands dependence
	     function. Examples are provided. The tEVcop() is deemed useful because
	     of interest in semi-exhaustive EV-copula study with the easy addition of
	     a 2-parameter copula without triggering convex or compositing. However,
	     some literature indicates that the form itself with two parameters is
	     not really more expressive than the GHcop, GLcop, and HRcop.

    o   Feature fix: COP.R had a weakness when parameters as a list are passed in
	     its handling of "cop" versus "cop1", "cop2", etc.

    o   BUG FIX: Vectorization in convexCOP.R was not fully working for some
	     operations on composited copulas.

    o   BUX FIX: isCOP.permsym() and isCOP.radsym() both had dispatching problems
	     when composited copulas were involved in "cop" being "matched by
	     multiple arguments" error in R. Had this always been a problem or had
	     R itself become more restricted? The fix was to insert a COP() call
	     as opposed cop() call (the argument named cop).

    o   Added the Gaussian extreme-value copula as gEVcop().

    o   Added rotation to cophalf (Nelsen's triangular copula) within the examples
	     of asCOP.Rd and bilmoms.Rd by including a para argument. This is useful
	     for further testing and as related to exploring nuskew() and nustar().

    o   Overhauled joeskewCOP() after more extensive testing including nuskew() and
	     nustar() for parameter estimation. There are now changes in the numerical
	     outputs including the basic scale of each statistic. (See joeskewCOP.Rd)
	     The biggest problems seem to have been in the numerical version of the
	     sample nustar, which prompted the overhaul. *** No users have reported
	     any problems with the older scheme, but it needs to be stated that no
	     users are actually known to be using nuskew() and nustar(). ***

    o   Added only bilmoms argument to bilmoms() to skip L-comoment computation,
	     in order to speed execution.

    o   Added lcomCOP() based on integrate(integrate()) nest for computation of the
	     bivariate L-moments and then conversion to the L-comoments. This is much
	     faster than bilmoms(). It is not remembered by the author why nested
	     integration was not originally implemented for bilmoms(). (Sorry.)
	     Testing indicates that lcomCOP() works well and is much much faster.
	     The function lcomCOPpv() will need revisiting for a future release.

    o   Added "1", "2", "3", "4" argument options for reflect in simCOPmicro() and
	     simCOPv() to be parallel with COP().

    o   Made an editorial sweep throughout the documentation.

    o   BUG FIX: semicorCOP() seems to have not had the truncation properly coded,
	     which was discovered during inspection of code as the Examples were
	     audited. However, the default truncation=0, would not show the problem.
	     Signs were not properly being used if truncation > 0 and matching logic
	     of Joe (2014, p. 73). Also argument 'samcor' renamed as 'as.sample' to
	     be consistent with other functions of the package.

    o   Added the Raftery copula as RFcop.

    o   GLcop() extended to a two-parameter version as a lower-extreme value
	     GL_LEV and related extension to another two-parameter version as the
	     "gamma-power mixture" of the Galambos. The two-parameter version does not
	     seem materially broader than the one-parameter Galambos (see Note).
	     The gamma-power mixture is though a different copula.

                 Changes in version 2.1.1 (2018-12-03)                  

    o   Enhancement: Changed from sapply to u*v on return. This dates for a long
	     time back when the vectorization in R was not idiomatic for the author.

    o   Added aicCOP(), bicCOP(), and rmseCOP(): a triad of similar goodness of fits.

    o   Minor warning() editing in mleCOP.Rd when alerting user to use interval
	     search for one-parameter copulas.

    o   Standardized all *.Rd files to utf8 encoding declaration whether needed or no.

                 Changes in version 2.1.0 (2018-05-07)                  

    o   Minor Rd updates throughout.

    o   Revision of warning() in wolfCOP().

    o   Removed last of the repeated sequence computation inside nested sapply()s
	     with in EMPIRcop(), hoefCOP(), joeskewCOP(), and wolfCOP(). A test wtih
	     n=3000 for an as.sample=TRUE computation for wolfCOP() yielded about a
	     5-percent decrease in execution time. It is possible that some R idiom
	     exists for substantially more speed increase in situations of
	     "sapply(..., sapply(...))". However, investigations have not found one and
	     use of the "outer()" function does not appear applicable in testing because
	     of the lack of symmetry in the matrices involved.

    o   Removed repeated sequence computation (though not nested) in kfuncCOP()
	     and vuongCOP(). This should be categorized as a "code cleaning" exercise.

    o   Fixed error in vuongCOP.Rd about nonrejection of the Plackett with the wording
	     should be "rejection." Error was a result of poor cut and paste when first
	     written. It was the reverse Gumbel–Hougaard that was not rejected.

    o   Fixed error in some accidentally swapped results in Examples of joeskewCOP.Rd.

    o   BUG FIX: CLcop() was throwing an error when trying to estimate Kendall Tau and
	     the copula parameter from the observed data. The cor(, method="kendall")
	     function was being called and the estimate retrieved by $estimate as in
	     cor.test()$estimate.

    o   Enhancement: Added some parsing of the ... to simCOP on which the delu and
	     derdir arguments are identified, used as needed, and then stripped before
	     the calls to plot() or points() to avoid "not a graphical parameter"
	     warnings. This has been an issue for nearly 10 years but finally WHA
	     sat down and figured out how to deal with it.

    o   Enhancement: Added a sign test on the objective function in derCOPinv and
	     derCOPinv2. This will cut down on repeated warnings during simulations
	     when the calls to uniroot() breakdown.

    o   Added JOcopB5().

    o   BUG FIX: rCOP() was not forwarding the sample size on down to simCOPmicro().

    o   Added the contour.lwd argument to densityCOPplot().

    o   BUG FIX: composite1COP() composite2COP() were not passing ... to COP().
	     This has not actually been a problem because most of the practical
	     applications of copula herein are not often called with other arguments.
	     However, composite3COP() was passing ... down to composite2COP().

    o   Added FGMcop() for the Farlie-Gumbel-Morgenstern copula, which is actually
	     a recent (2012) generalization of this copula.

    o   Added AMHcop() for the Ali-Mikhail-Haq copula.

    o   Added alternative reflection arguments "1,2,3,4" to COP().

    o   Added alias PAcop() for PARETOcop() to be parallel to the PLACKETTcop().

                 Changes in version 2.0.7 (2018-03-08)                  

    o   Clarified some documentation in bilmoms.Rd.

    o   Expanded description in Examples in kullCOP.Rd.

                 Changes in version 2.0.6 (2017-11-20)                  

    o   Added convexCOP() as a N-bivariate copula generalization of convex2COP().

    o   Documentation adjustment to GHcop.Rd.

    o   Added CLcop() for user R. Adat related to his own coding efforts.

                 Changes in version 2.0.5 (2017-02-25)                  

    o   Typo correction to DESCRIPTION and line ending changes to help hyphenation.

    o   NAME CHANGE: StableTailDepFN() --> stabtaildepf()

    o   Added importFrom("graphics", "mtext") for stabtaildepf() needs in NAMESPACE.

    o   Small adjustments to throughout documentation, but more importantly, tried
	     running all examples + "dontrun" declarations + as well as the multitude
	     of "preformatted" code snippets. All seem to be working and several
	     errors and consistency issues have been resolved---so this exercise was
	     reasonably needed.

    o   Error in blomCOP.Rd on old argument change: "sambeta" --> "as.sample".

    o   NAME ADDITION: PLcop() and PLpar() are now available for Plackett copula.

    o   Further auditing of kfuncCOP(), kfuncCOPinv(), and kfuncCOPlmoms(). Expanded
	     example of Kendall function L-moments.

                 Changes in version 2.0.4 (2016-06-03)                  

    o   Microchanges 2.0.3 to pass CRAN importation.

                        Changes in version 2.0.3                        

    o   Another deep rereading of the documentation and editorial revisions.

    o   Extended the Gaussian copula example within med.regressCOP.Rd that deals with the
	     interaction with the copula package. (Reminder, WHA does not want to just dump
	     other copulas within copBasic. WHA wants just enough directly implemented to
	     show and validate core bivariate copula mathematical theory.)

    o   Added the.zero and sumlogs to densityCOP() to facilitate maximum likelihood
	     estimation (see next item).

    o   Added the.zero to vuongCOP() so it can dispatch that to densityCOP().

    o   Added mleCOP() as an example of maximum likelihood estimation suitable for
	     the copBasic package but Examples extend into how the copula package
	     might be integrated to gain access to other copulas but still retain
	     a hosting within the copBasic package. Thanks to S. Kloibhofer for ideas.

    o   Added rCOP() as a light-weight implementation of simCOP().

    o   Extended use of the "tol" argument in taildepCOP() and tailconCOP() to
	     control the internally defined "resolution" variable.

    o   Added psepolar() for pseudo-polar representation of bivariate data.

    o   Added spectralmeas() for the spectral measure distribution of bivariate data
	     derived from the pseudo-polar representation.

    o   Added StableTailDepFN() for the estimation of the stable tail dependence
	     function and construction of level sets associated with it.

    o   REMOVED: PlackettPlackettABKGtest.Rd, PlackettPlackettNP.Rd,
	           PlackettPlackettABKGtest.RData, PlackettPlackettNP.RData in
	     effort to reduce file size foot print of the package.
	     See lcomoms2.ABcop2parameterm() and lcomoms2.ABKGcop2parameter() to
	     explore how to prepopulate parameter to L-comoment mappings.

                        Changes in version 2.0.2                        

    o   Added sobol argument to kullCOP() for Sobol sequences in the Monte Carlo
	    integration with an example in kullCOP.Rd. The package randtoolbox is
	    now imported from to get the sobol() function.

    o   Added bilmoms() function to compute bivariate L-moments and remapping them
	    to L-comoments of L-correlation, L-coskew, and L-cokurtosis using
	    Monte Carlo integration and optional Sobol sequences.

    o   Added the two-parameter Gumbel-Hougaard copula that is considered in the
	    paper providing the bivariate L-moments.

    o   Added level to med.regress() and med.regressCOP2() for prediction interval
	    computation and added example to their use involving the Gaussian copula
	    from the copula package along with linear regression.

    o   Migration of lcomCOPpv() from large sample simulation to Monte Carlo
	    integration for population estimate of L-comoments via the new bilmoms().

                 Changes in version 2.0.1 (2015-08-31)                  

    o   Some major documentation expansion here and there as cascading impacts from
	    the other changes listed below. Minor documentation formatting changes in
	    a select few Rd files and many proofreading passes through all
	    documentation resulted in modest additions and corrections. Overhaul of
	    Examples sections to keep --timings down to < 0.01 elapsed seconds
	    for all documented functions outside \dontrun{} declarations on test
	    platform.

    o   Added the "tol" argument to diagCOPatf.R and specified a tolerance tighter
	    than the default of uniroot() because of apparent loss of precision
	    when experimenting with 1,000,000-year return periods.

    o   Added a Note to GHcop.Rd showing analytical derivatives and the inverse.

    o   Added jointCOP(), joint.curvesCOP(), joint.curvesCOP2() for an alternative
	    framework for computing joint probabilities with a feature of the two
	    conditions of AND and OR for the joint probability.

    o   Typo correction in copBasic-package.Rd and extensions to that Rd considering
	    more about joint AND, joint OR, and mutually exclusive OR probabilities.

    o   Added exp(log(...)) logic to PSP() for more accuracy for very small
	    probabilities to avoid division by small numbers.

    o   Added in PSP.Rd discussion of PSP() returning NaN for zero probabilities.

    o   Added (related to no. 5 and 6) trapped against a coupla NaN for zero
	    probabilities in root-solving in COPinv() and COPinv2(). The functions
	    jointCOP(), joint.curvesCOP(), joint.curvesCOP2() have this trap too.

    o   Added Note section in duCOP.Rd about joint AND, OR, and exclusive OR.

    o   Added reflection permutations to COP() and simCOPmicro() after Joe (2014) as
	    cited in documentation. WHA does not desire to implement the reflection
	    feature throughout the package---see the combined documentation of these
	    two functions.

    o   Changed the named argument "swap" to "wrtV" in qua.regressCOP.draw to
	    parallel syntax of similar uses in copBasic.

    o   Added inst/doc/CopulaRelationBaseFiginR.txt, which is an R script that
	    creates a base graphic suitable for manual vector editing defining
	    bivariate relations of probability a copulas.

    o   Added Joe's Skewness of a copula by joeskewCOP() after Joe (2014) for
	    measurement of permutation asymmetry (skew).

    o   Added "RhoE" of a bivariate extreme value copula by rhobevCOP() after
	    Joe (2014).

    o   Added Kendall Function [kfuncCOP()/kmeasCOP()] along with very considerable
	    documentation concerning how they are presented in Nelsen (2006),
	    Salvadori et al. (2007), and Joe (2014). The inversion is kfuncCOPinv().

    o   Added convexCOP() for a convex combination of two copulas after Joe (2014).

    o   Removed the extensive copying of internal results within composite1COP(),
	    composite2COP(), and composite3COP()---should be big speed increase for
	    giant sample sizes.

    o   Added Spearman's Footrule as footCOP() with sample estimation as well.

    o   Added sample estimation to Gini Gamma in giniCOP(), Hoeffding Phi in
	    hoefCOP(), and Schweizer and Wolff Sigma in wolfCOP(), and for
	    parallelism---sample interface in rhoCOP() and tauCOP() to R's cor().

    o   Added L-moments of the kfuncCOP() via kfuncCOPlmoms() and kfuncCOPlmom(),
	    which closely parallel theoretical L-moment computation using the
	    cdf2lmoms() and cdf2lmom() functions of the lmomco package.

    o   Added Linear Spearman copula in FRECHETcop().

    o   Added Asymmetric Gumbel-Hougaard extension to GHcop() with L-comoment demo.

    o   Added prod2COP() for the *-product multiplication of copulas.

    o   **DEPRECTATION ALERT** Added Hazen extension to EMPIRcop() and lumped
	    computation types into new argument "ctype"" and fully **removed**
	    the "weibull"" and "bernstein"" arguments.

    o   Added GLcop() [Galambos] and HRcop() [Husler-Reiss] extreme value copulas.

    o   **DEPRECTATION ALERT** Overhaul of kullCOP() into Monte Carlo integration
	    and deprecated numerical integration to kullCOPint(). Logic is simpler
	    at expense of longer computation times but does not suffer from
	    hard-to-mitigate divergent integral errors.

    o   Added isfuncCOP() as a gridded numerical test on whether a bivariate
	    function appears to be a copula. Credit to user S. Kloibhofer for idea
	    and initial code---thanks for the support!

    o   Added statTn() as a measure of a fitted coupla divergence from the
	    empirical copula.

    o   Added the tail concentration function in tailconCOP().

    o   Added the copBasic.fitpara.beta() in copBasic.fitpara as a potential
	    uni-dimensional or multi-dimensional parameter optimization interface.
	    This is not a maximum likelihood approach but matching of sample
	    statistics to theoretical (e.g. like a method of moments). Discussions
	    of maximum likelihood implementation with S. Kloibhofer are ongoing.

    o   Overhaul of the output structure of vuongCOP() and added elements on the
	    return list to enhance clarity and added t-dist. for confidence interval.

                 Changes in version 1.7.1 (2015-01-30)                  

    o   Minor changes to CITATION following CRAN email dated 01/09/2015.

                 Changes in version 1.7.0 (2015-01-03)                  

    o   Further refinement of documentation and continued work on highlighting
	    and extending the connections to numerical results of various kinds
	    reported in Nelsen (2006) as well as Joe (2014).

    o   Extended hoefCOP() into Lp distances from independence and weaved in more
	    of Nelsen (2006).

    o   Added LpCOP(), which is functionally the same as hoefCOP().

    o   Minor documentation tweaks to EMPIRcop.Rd, EMPIRcopdf.Rd, EMPIRgrid.Rd,
	    PLACKETTpar.Rd, PlackettPlackettABKGtest.Rd, PlackettPlackettNP.Rd,
	    composite1COP.Rd, composite2COP.Rd, composite3COP.Rd,
	    isCOP.LTD.Rd, isCOP.RTI.Rd, isCOP.radsym.Rd,
	    lcomoms2.ABKGcop2parameter.Rd, and lcomoms2.ABcop2parameter.Rd.

    o   Added extended example for isCOP* functions inside isCOP.radsym.Rd.

    o   Added the Gumbel-Hougaard copula (GHcop) because WHA is studying the
	    method of L-comoments on this copula relative to the Plackett copula.

    o   Fixed spelling of Roger Nelsen's last name in all Rd files (sorry Roger).

    o   Added another example to copBasic-package.Rd.

    o   Added FRECHETcop() and added utf-8 encoding to those Rd files requiring
	    the diacritic on Frechet: GHcop.Rd, M.Rd, PlackettPlackettABKGtest.Rd,
	    PlackettPlackettNP.Rd, and W.Rd.

    o   Enhanced warning message in tauCOP() to point out that some failure of
	    numerical integration can be (often is?) attributable to singularity
	    for the given copula.

    o   Added an example to PLACKETTpar.Rd that shows the development of a
	    polynomial for estimation of Kendall's Tau given Spearman's Rho of a
	    Plackett copula. Further, PLACKETTpar() now sets labels for the returned
	    theta using names().

    o   Added additional discussion to isCOP.radsym.Rd to suggest that is seems
	    that radially symmetric copulas have zero L-comoments beyond
	    L-correlation. The literature seems silent on this question.

    o   Improved a conditional on infinity in PLACKETTcop.R.

    o   Added 'graphics' argument to simCOP.R to make is easier to turn off
	    graphical output from that function and also added the arguments 'snv',
	    'infsnv.rm', and 'trapinfsnv' as influence of Joe (2014) is incorporated.

    o   Changed to more idiomatic R syntax in derCOPinv.R and derCOPinv2.R so that
	    the lines of code were reduced.

    o   Added L-comoment example into the independence copula P.Rd.

    o   Added diagCOPatf() for solution of the probabilities u and v that provide
	    joint probability F.

    o   Added densityCOP() and densityCOPplot() following review of Joe (2014).

    o   Added sample Blomqvist's Beta computation to blomCOP() after Joe (2014).

    o   Added uvlmoms() and uvskewnewss() after Joe (2014).

    o   Added lcomCOPpv() for simulating the sample distribution(s) of
	    L-correlation, L-coskew, and L-cokurtosis for a copula.

    o   Added 'weibull' argument to EMPIRcop() [note the Joe (2014) often uses
	    Hazen plotting positions without so naming them as Hazen]

    o   Added the Kullback-Leibler divergences, Jeffrey's divergence, and the
	    Kullback-Leibler sample size.

    o   Added semicorCOP() for semicorrelations of a copula and(or) data.

    o   Added isCOP.permsym() for a grid-wise check on permutation symmetry.

    o   Added vuongCOP() for Vuong's procedure of copula comparison along with an
	    extensive Note section showing the forefront of copBasic extension into
	    the inference problem.

                 Changes in version 1.6.0 (2014-09-26)                  

    o   Added the Bernstein copula extension to EMPIRcop().

    o   Changes to derCOP() and derCOP2() of accommodate vectorization yet still
	    retain the dynamic suspension of requested derivative direction should
	    need to be changed (overrided) [but only when needed]. Thus, tauCOP()
	    now does not kick off warnings.

    o   Added isCOP.radsym() for a grid-wise check on radial/reflection symmetry.

    o   Added asCOP() to help build copulas with operational similarity to the
	    expected implementation style for the package.

    o   Added isCOP.PQD() for testing positively quadrant dependency of a copula.

    o   Added gridCOP() for supporting 3-D or 2-D image renderings of a copula.

    o   Enhanced simCOP() for more speed and reporting features and vectorized
	    simCOPmicro().

    o   Added the surfuncCOP() for the joint survival function of a copula, which
	    is subtly different from the survival copula in surCOP.

    o   Removed the ratcop argument from sectionCOP(). That feature is too much
	    like what isCOP.LTD() or isCOP.RTI() was already doing.

    o   Comprehensive Rd auditing including the Examples and example expansion.

    o   Removed the capital "F" for quantile regression level and replaced with
	    lower case "f" in qua.regress(), qua.regress2(), and updated all
	    examples. If I have broken code for a few users, I am sorry but the
	    refrain from capitals in function arguments should have been kept
	    consistent with version 1.5.0.

    o   Added Hoeffding's Phi in hoefCOP().

    o   Adjustments to the features of sectionCOP().

    o   Enhanced indexing by suggestion of Amaranthe R. Biessen, whom also was
	    influential my major index extensions to the lmomco package.

    o   Adjusted DESCRIPTION and NAMESPACE to only partially grab those few
	    functions needed from the lmomco package.

                 Changes in version 1.5.4 (2013-05-10)                  

    o   Prof. Ripley remarked that the DESCRIPTION of copBasic was too long.
	    This is a reasonably critique. The DESCRIPTION has been radically
	    shortened. The original (with new edits and organization) is now located
	    in the inst/doc/Extended_DESCRIPTION.txt file. WHA will use this file
	    as needed to provide further guidance into the package.

    o   Contraction of --timings made to the following: tauCOP.Rd wolfCOP.Rd
	    level.curvesCOP.Rd med.regressCOP.Rd qua.regressCOP.Rd qua.regressCOP2.Rd.
	    Also some minor tweaks to the median and quantile regression examples were
	    made.

                        Changes in version 1.5.3                        

    o   Added the ReineckeWells.RData and ReineckeWell266.RData.
	  ** This version failed --timings checks by CRAN, never released **

                 Changes in version 1.5.2 (2012-07-30)                  

    o   med.regressCOP() and med.regressCOP() had arguments changed to match
	    the qua.regressCOP() and qua.regressCOP2() functions.

    o   med.regressCOP.Rd and med.regressCOP2.Rd changed in argument to match code.

    o   qua.regressCOP(), qua.regressCOP2(), med.regressCOP(), and med.regressCOP2()
	    all now insert an NA in case a root solution could not be found.

    o   Spelling corrections in DESCRIPTION: derivative and empirical.
	    Thanks CRAN team for the automated spell checkers.

                 Changes in version 1.5.1 (2011-12-06)                  

    o   Added data/PlackettPlackettABKGtest.RData and
	         man/PlackettPlackettABKGtest.Rd.

    o   Removed lcomoms2.cop2parameter.R/Rd.

    o   Added lcomoms2.ABcop2parameter.R/Rd (replaces lcomoms2.cop2parameter.R/Rd).

    o   Added lcomoms2.ABKGcop2parameter.R/Rd.

    o   BUG FIX: Labeling inconsistency when sectionCOP() called with dercop=FALSE.

    o   Added the EMPIRcop() function for estimation of the empirical copula.

    o   Added the EMPIRcopdf() function to compute the entire data.frame() of
	    the empirical copula---the copula for each coordinate is computed.

    o   Added the EMPIRgrid() function for computation of a regular grid of
	    the empirical copula---this grid will form the basis of other copula
	    operations on the empirical copula.

    o   Added the EMPIRgridder() and EMPIRgridder2() functions for
	    computation of the sectional derivatives of the empirical copula from
	    EMPIRgrid().

    o   Added the EMPIRgridderinv() and EMPIRgridderinv2() functions for
	    computation of the sectional derivatives of the empirical copula from
	    EMPIRgrid().

    o   Added the EMPIRqua.regress() and EMPIRqua.regress2() functions for
	    quantile regression from grid emanating from EMPIRgridderinv() and
	    EMPIRgridderinv2().

    o   Added the EMPIRmed.regress() and EMPIRmed.regress2() functions for
	    median regression from grid emanating from EMPIRgridderinv() and
	    EMPIRgridderinv2().

    o   Added the EMPIRsim() function for simulation of V given U from the
	    empirical copula.

    o   Added the EMPIRsimv() function for simulation of V given U (by
	    argument) from the empirical copula.

    o   Documentation fixes in derCOP2.Rd, lcomoms2.ABcop2parameters.Rd,
	    lcomoms2.ABKGcop2parameter.Rd, PlackettPlackettNP.Rd, and
	    qua.regressCOP.Rd.

    o   Enhanced error handling with COPinv(), COPinv2(), derCOPinv(), and
	    derCOPinv2().

    o   Enhancement to derCOP() and derCOP2() by changing derivative direction
	    if near the 0 or 1 boundaries.

                 Changes in version 1.5.0 (2011-09-01)                  

    o   Enhancement on derCOPinv.R when a solution is unbounded in uniroot()
	    to return NA as needed. This was discovered in massive simulation
	    from simcompositeCOP()---massive means 500k simulation counts.

    o   Added Nelsen's copula in equation 4.2.12 as the N4212cop() function.

    o   Removed and restructured the tabulated L-comoment solutions to the
	    Plackett-Plackett copula to clean up some loose ends and set up the
	    ability to load much much larger solutions sets that are too big
	    for CRAN distribution.

    o   Major construction of the data subdirectory and changes to documentation.
	    Removed comp2lcomsPlackettPlackett.Rd, comp2lcomsPlackettPlackett2.Rd,
	    lcom2PLACKETTPLACKETTcop.R/Rd.

    o   Added lcomoms2.cop2parameter.R/Rd (replaces lcom2PLACKETTPLACKETTcop.R/Rd).

    o   Added data/PlackettPlackettNP.RData and man/PlackettPlackettNP.Rd.

    o   Changes to the CITATION file.

    o   Removed capitalization of arguments in the empricial quantile regression
	    (including f --> f.lowess): EMPIRqua.regress.R, EMPIRqua.regress2.R.

    o   Removed capitalization of arguments in the median regression:
	    med.regressCOP(), med.regressCOP2(), and
	    qua.regressCOP(), qua.regressCOP2(), qua.regressCOP.draw()

    o   Added level.setCOP() and level.setCOP2() that are dispatchers to special
	    features of level.curvesCOP() and level.curvesCOP2(), respectively. The
	    level curves functions required some extensive reorganization and
	    further error trapping to support the single level set return.

    o   Added surfuncCOP() as the joint survival function. This function is
	    closely related to surCOP() but with subtle argument differences. This
	    new function included to be ever more consistent with Nelsen's book.

    o   Added kmeasCOP() for the Kendall's Measure of a copula, which is critically
	    important for "secondary return period" computations.

    o   Added alias of simCOPv() for simCOPmicro() to be in parallel with EMPIRsimv.

    o   Relations between COP(), surCOP(), surfuncCOP(), duCOP(), and coCOP() are
	    illustrated in a script in inst/doc/CopulaRelations_BaseFigure_inR.txt
	    as a base figure and vector edited in inst/doc/CopulaRelationsFigure.pdf

                  Changes in version 1.4 (2011-02-19)                   

    o   Initial release (class project)
	POTENTIAL TODOs:
	Continued inspection of the approx() use and whether ties="ordered" can be used
	(see 2.1.3#6), it appears in all other cases that yes, we can move
	to the ties="ordered" because the inversion of the gridded derivative of the empirical
	copula is being used and structurally the "x" part of the approx will be ordered.
	R/EMPIRsim.R:      v <- approx(cols, y=v.available, xout=t, rule=2)$y
	R/EMPIRsim.R:      v1 <- approx(cols, y=v.available1, xout=t, rule=2)$y
	R/EMPIRsim.R:      v2 <- approx(cols, y=v.available2, xout=t, rule=2)$y
	R/EMPIRsimv.R:      v <- approx(cols, y=v.available, xout=t, rule=2)$y
	R/EMPIRsimv.R:      v1 <- approx(cols, y=v.available1, xout=t, rule=2)$y
	R/EMPIRsimv.R:      v2 <- approx(cols, y=v.available2, xout=t, rule=2)$y
	R/kfuncCOP.R:         empkc <- approx(c(0,FKin,1), c(0,Zin,1), xout=z)$y
	lcomCOPpv() <--> vuongCOP() work as now lcomCOP() is available.
	lcomCOPpv() might need some reworking too.
	If two-parameter Galambos (Joe, 2014, p. 198) is not materially broader than
	the one-parameter, does this hold for a two-parameter Gumbel hinted by
	Joe (2014, p. 199)? Further investigation is needed.
	Note: Joe's 2-p GHcop does appear different from Brahimi et. al (2015) version of a
	2-p GHcop. Should support for both be made? Are both the same? (Quick testing
	suggests that perhaps they are not, but mathematical checking has not been made
	as of January 2019]).
	Add the trimmed L-comoments?
	EMPIRcopdf() can be replaced by EMPIRcop() as the later is fully
	vectorized itself and makes presumably a lesser impact on memory (faster)?
	stabtaildepf.Rd --- Need to audit stabtaildepf.Rd and complete documentation.
	Beirlant, J., Escobar-Bach, M., Goegebeur, Y., Guillou, A.: Bias-corrected
	estimation of stable tail dependence function. J. Multivar. Anal. 143, 453–466 (2016)
	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmva.2015.10.006
	Kiriliouk, A., Segers, J. & Tafakori, L. Extremes (2018) 21: 581.
	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10687-018-0315-y
	Implementation of state-of-the-practice nonparametric estimators of
	lower and upper tail dependence parameters. Neither of the three books
	cited within deal with this. A turn towards recommended literature by
	Joe (2014) is needed.
	Goodness-of-fit of the Kendall Function following Genest et. al. (2006,
	Goodness-of-fit procedures for copula models based on the probability
	integral transformation: Scand J. Statist 33.
	Convergence evaluators for the Monte Carlo integration in bilmoms() and
	kullCOP() to enhance computation times.
	rhobevCOP() study for a copula yielding 0.
